[ effect of teaching breast self-examination based on health belief model in teachers in Zahedan]

Health Belief Model is a comprehensive model in helping prevent diseases. According to this method, individuals who get sensitive to breast cancer are more motivated for a regular self-breast examination. Considering the 24% of breast cancer in Iran placing the third leading cause of death in women, the present study was carried out to investigate the impact of teaching two methods of self-examination, based on health belief model, on knowledge, attitude and performance of school teachers in Zahedan. In this quasi -experimental study, the impact of two education methods [lecture and simulation] was investigated on knowledge, attitude [HBM] and performance as pretest and posttest on 100 school teachers in a multi-stage random sampling with inclusion criteria of at least 25 years of age, without a family history of breast cancer, and majoring in fields unrelated to medicine on Zahedan school teachers in 2008-2009'. Data were collected via standardized Champion questionnaire designed based on Health Belief Model and, then, analyzed applying SPSS V.15 and T paired, T students, correlation Pearson and, linear regression tests. Changes of knowledge, attitude [HBM] and performance mean scores obtained by paired T- test was significant in the both groups. However, between the two groups, only the performance mean score of the two groups was significantly different. Perceived severity Structures and self-efficacy showed a direct association with performance, while perceived barriers were inversely associated with performance. The only predictive variable of effective learning based on linear regression was health motivation. The current study confirmed efficacy of health belief model on promotion behavior of self-breast examination. Therefore, this model can eliminate barriers which lower self-efficacy in breast cancer and self-breast examination. It also provides a motivation in learning self-breast examination.

Passive smoking and lower respiratory tract illnesses in children

The relationship between household tobacco smoke exposure and wheezing and nonwheezing lower respiratory tract illnesses in young children was investigated using both a questionnaire and the urinary cotinine/creatinine ratio to assess passive smoking. A case-control study was conducted on 60 children [

Study of ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerve entrapment after inguinal hernia repair

Forty patients with inguinal pain after inguinal hernia operation were studied clinically and by nerve block test, 34 patients had ilioinguinal entrapment and 6 patients had entrapment of both ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves. The nerve was dissected and neurectomy was performed in all cases. Complete relief was obtained in 24 cases, partial relief in 8 cases, while 8 cases did not improve after neurectomy

acute presentation of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma

Fifteen cases of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma presented to us with the clinical picture of acute abdomen during a period of five years. A correct pre-operative diagnosis of the underlying cause was seldom made. The present study attempts to emphasise the importance of considering the possibility in every case of acute abdomen as many cases of lymphoma may present with perforation, obstruction or haemorhage at the first time of attendance. Even some cases may simulate acute peritonitis without actual perforation

Granular-cell myoblastoma of the oral cavity

The granular cell myoblastoma is an uncommon lesion that occurs in many parts of the body; the oral cavity, particularly the tongue being the most common location. Whether the lesion is reactive or neoplastic remains to be determined but it is almost always innocent possessing practically no malignant potentials. Nevertheless, the lesion may simulate a malignant growth both clinically and pathologically. A correct pre-operative recognition is essential to avoid a major operation in a lesion that responds well to simple excision

surgical treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Carcinoma of the hypopharynx kills usually by the effect of its rapid spread locally and into the neck rather than as a result of distant secondaries. Surgical excision remains the only reliable method of controlling the disease. However, the results of reconstruction of the oro-eosophageal continuity were always disappointing. The present work is an attempt of the authors to evaluate different methods of reconstruction and is based on the experience gained from the management of 40 cases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Cancer parotid

Malignant tumours of the parotid gland have represented a considerable challenge for surgeons in the last few years. They have a special importance because of their varied morphohistological types, unpredictable clinical behaviour, and their close neighbourhood to the facial nerve. Questions such as the value and type of biopsy, to preserve or to sacrifice the facial nerve, the extent of resection, the indications of radical neck dissection and the benefits of radiotherapy are still awaiting answers. Our experience in the management of 35 cases of primary malignant tumours of the parotid are here discussed and some guidelines for treatment are advised

Synchronous and hetachronous carcinoma of the colon

The presence of one malignant growth of the colon does not exclude the presence of a second one in the same organ. Preoperative sigmoidoscopic and radiologic examination should be done in all cases to exclude the presence of double lesions. A careful 6-monthly follow-up should be made in all cases with colorectal cancer